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Kindergarden 1st Grade 2nd Grade 3rd Grade 4th Grade 5th Grade View All Grades

Kindergarten

In Number Sense, Concepts, and Operations, your student:
  • matches verbal names and numerals less than 10.
  • understands sets of greater or lesser.
  • can count from 1 to 9 and backwards from 9 to 1.
  • uses objects to explore addition and subtraction.
  • estimates quantities.

In Measurement, your student:
  • can measure length, weight, time, temperature, and capacity.
  • makes comparisons (e.g., taller/shorter, heavier/lighter, hotter/colder).
  • uses nonstandard units, such as links or blocks, to measure.
  • estimates measurements (e.g., time, length, and money).
  • compares day, week, month, and year.
  • selects and uses appropriate measurement tools (e.g., scales, rulers, and clocks).

In Geometry and Spatial Sense, your student:
  • names the common shapes (e.g., circle, square, cube).
  • identifies shapes in the environment.
  • explores shapes by combining, dividing, or changing.
  • uses a number line.

In Algebraic Thinking, your student:
  • classifies and sorts objects.
  • makes patterns.

In Data Analysis and Probability, your student:
  • uses a simple graph to record information.
  • predicts which simple event is more likely or less likely to occur.
  • solves story problems using pictures, objects, or technology.

1st Grade

In Number Sense, Concepts, and Operations, your student:
  • matches written and oral names and standard numerals with numbers 0-99.
  • determines relative size, order, and position for numbers less than 100 by counting, using manipulatives, number lines, and technology.
  • uses objects to represent numbers or commonly used fractions (e.g., whole, 1/2, 1/4).
  • counts and groups by 1's, 2's, 5's, and 10's to 100 out loud and with manipulatives.
  • demonstrates an understanding of place value by using number patterns and grouping when counting.
  • understands and explains the effects of addition and subtraction on numbers.
  • selects the appropriate operation to solve addition and subtraction problems.
  • adds and subtracts numbers using manipulatives, mental mathematics, paper and pencil, calculator, and/or technology.
  • estimates quantities.
  • classifies and use manipulatives to show numbers as even or odd.

In Measurement, your student:
  • uses basic measurement concepts including length, weight, analog and digital time (hour and half hour), temperature, and capacity.
  • makes comparisons (e.g., tall, taller, or tallest; big, bigger, or biggest).
  • measures objects using inches or centimeters, or nonstandard units, using blocks or other small objects.
  • orders objects according to size (length, width).
  • estimates lengths, widths, time intervals, and money and compares estimates to actual measurements.
  • selects and uses appropriate measuring tools (e.g., scales, rulers, and clocks) to measure within customary or metric systems.

In Geometry and Spatial Sense, your student:
  • describes, draws, and identifies two- and three-dimensional shapes.
  • explores shapes by combining, dividing, or changing.

In Algebraic Thinking, your student:
  • classifies and relates patterns using common characteristics.
  • recognizes, extends, generalizes and creates a variety of patterns using symbols and objects.
  • demonstrates that geometric symbols can represent unknown quantities in equations (for example: 6 + ( = 8 ).

In Data Analysis and Probability, your student:
  • generates, organizes and analyzes data and simple graphs and charts.
  • shows data in a simple model to demonstrate the concepts of range and mode.
  • understands basic concepts of chance and probability.
  • predicts which simple event is more likely, equally likely, or less likely to occur.
  • decides how data can be collected, displayed, and interpreted to answer relevant questions.
  • collects data and interprets the results using line graphs, pictographs, and charts.

2nd Grade

In Number Sense, Concepts, and Operations, your student:
  • matches written and oral names and standard numerals with numbers 0-999.
  • determines relative size, order, and position for numbers less than 1000 by counting, using manipulatives, number lines, and technology.
  • uses objects to represent numbers or commonly used fractions and relates these numbers to real-world situations.
  • understands and applies the concepts of counting by 1's, 2's, 5's, 10's, 25's, 50's, grouping, and place value with numbers between 0 and 100.
  • understands and explains the effects of addition and subtraction on numbers.
  • selects the appropriate operation to solve addition and subtraction problems.
  • adds and subtracts numbers to solve real-world problems using appropriate methods of computing (e.g., using manipulatives, mental mathematics, paper and pencil, calculator, and/or technology).
  • uses estimation in problem solving and computation.
  • describes and justifies the reasonableness of an answer.
  • classifies and models numbers as even or odd.

In Measurement, your student:
  • uses and describes basic measurement concepts including length, weight, analog and digital time (hour, half hour, and quarter hour), temperature, and capacity.
  • uses standard customary and metric (inches or centimeters) and nonstandard units (e.g., links, blocks or other small objects) in measuring.
  • develops an awareness of the need for standard units of measure.
  • estimates lengths, widths, time intervals, and money and compares estimates to actual measurements.
  • selects and uses appropriate measuring tools and technology (e.g., scales, rulers, and clocks) to measure within customary or metric systems.

In Geometry and Spatial Sense, your student:
  • understands and describes the characteristics of basic two-dimensional three-dimensional shapes.
  • understands the basic concepts of spatial relationships, symmetry, and reflections.
  • uses objects to perform geometric transformations (e.g., flips, slides, and turns).
  • uses real-life experiences and physical materials to describe, classify, compare, and sort geometric figures (e.g., squares, rectangles, triangles, circles, cubes, spheres, rectangular solids, pyramids, cylinders, and prisms).
  • plots and identifies positive numbers on a number line.

In Algebraic Thinking, your student:
  • classifies and relates patterns using common characteristics (e.g., rhythm, sound, shapes, colors, numbers, similar objects, and similar events).
  • recognizes, extends, generalizes and creates a variety of patterns using symbols and objects.
  • demonstrates that geometric symbols can represent unknown quantities in equations (for example: 9 = 5 + ( ).
  • uses informal methods to solve real-world problems requiring simple equations containing one variable.

In Data Analysis and Probability, your student:
  • displays solutions to problems by generating, collecting, organizing, and analyzing data, using simple graphs and charts.
  • displays data in a simple model to use the concepts of range, mean, median, and mode.
  • collects data, interprets the results, and predicts the generalization.
  • understands basic concepts of chance and probability.
  • predicts which event is more likely, equally likely, or less likely to occur.
  • decides what information is appropriate and how data can be collected, displayed, and interpreted to answer relevant questions or simple experiments.

3rd Grade

In Number Sense, Concepts, and Operations, your student:
  • uses oral names, written names, and standard numerals with numbers and commonly used fractions and decimals.
  • shows an understanding of the relative size of whole numbers and commonly used fractions.
  • shows an understanding that numbers can be represented in a variety of equivalent forms using whole numbers, and fractions.
  • uses place value concepts within the decimal number system.
  • shows an understanding and explains the effects of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on whole numbers.
  • selects the appropriate operation and solves specific problems involving addition and subtraction of whole numbers using appropriate methods of computing (e.g., mental mathematics, paper and pencil, calculator, and/or technology).
  • shows different estimation strategies in real-world problem situations and determines the reasonableness of results of calculations in a given problem situation (e.g., leading digits/front end numbers, and rounding).
  • shows understanding of primes, composites, factors, and multiples.

In Measurement, your student:
  • shows and uses concrete and graphic models to develop procedures for solving real-world problems related to measurement including length, weight, time, temperature, perimeter, area, and volume.
  • selects and uses appropriate standard and nonstandard units of measurement.
  • solves real-world problems involving estimates of measurements (e.g., length, time, weight, temperature, money, perimeter, area, and volume).
  • selects and uses appropriate instruments and technology (e.g., scales/ balances, rulers, thermometers, measuring cups, protractors, and guages) to measure in real-world situations.

In Geometry and Spatial Sense, your student:
  • gives a verbal description, draws and/or models two-dimensional shapes and uses appropriate geometric vocabulary to write a description of a figure or a picture composed of geometric figures.
  • uses the concepts of spatial relationships, symmetry, reflections, congruency, and similarity.
  • predicts, illustrates, and verifies which figures could result in a flip, slide, or turn of a given figure.
  • identifies and plots ordered pairs of numbers on a graph.

In Algebraic Thinking, your student:
  • recognizes and describes a wide variety of patterns to generate a rule that fits the pattern.
  • generalizes a pattern, relation, or function to explain how a change in one quantity results in a change in another.
  • represents a given simple problem situation using diagrams, models, and symbolic expressions.
  • uses physical models and graphs to solve real-world problems involving equations and inequalities.

In Data Analysis and Probability, your student:
  • solves problems by generating, collecting, organizing, displaying, and analyzing data, using histograms, bar graphs, line graphs, circle graphs, pictographs, spreadsheets, and charts.
  • determines range, mean, median, and mode from sets of given data.
  • analyzes real-world data to recognize patterns, and trends.
  • devises and conducts experiments to determine the probability of events.
  • uses statistical data about life situations to make predictions and justify reasoning.

4th Grade

In Number Sense, Concepts, and Operations, your student:
  • associates oral names, written word names, and standard numerals with numbers and commonly used fractions and decimals.
  • demonstrates an understanding of the relative size of whole numbers and commonly used fractions, decimals, and percents.
  • demonstrates and uses place value concepts within the decimal number system.
  • demonstrates an understanding and explains the effects of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on whole numbers.
  • demonstrates an understanding of the effects of addition and subtraction on fractions and decimals.
  • selects the appropriate operation and solves specific problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers using appropriate methods of computing (e.g., mental mathematics, paper and pencil, calculator, and/or technology).
  • uses and justifies different estimation strategies in real-world problem situations and determines the reasonableness of results of calculations in a given problem situation (e.g., leading digits/front end numbers, and rounding).
  • demonstrates an understanding of primes, composites, factors, and multiples.

In Measurement, your student:
  • demonstrates and uses concrete and graphic models to develop procedures for solving real-world problems related to measurement.
  • selects and uses appropriate standard and nonstandard units of measurement.
  • solves real-world problems involving estimates of measurements.
  • selects and uses appropriate instruments and technology (e.g., scales/balances, rulers, thermometers, measuring cups, protractors, and gauges) to measure in real-world situations.

In Geometry and Spatial Sense, your student:
  • given a verbal description, draws and/or models two- and three-dimensional shapes and uses appropriate geometric vocabulary to write a description of a figure or a picture-composed of geometric figures.
  • demonstrates and uses the concepts of spatial relationships, symmetry, reflections, congruency, and similarity.
  • predicts, illustrates, and verifies which figures could result from a flip, slide, or turn of a given figure.
  • shows and applies a variety of strategies and geometric properties for two- and three-dimensional shapes to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
  • identifies and plots ordered pairs of numbers on a graph.

In Algebraic Thinking, your student:
  • recognizes and describes numeric patterns to generate a rule that fits the pattern.
  • generalizes a pattern, relation, or function to explain how a change in one quantity results in a change in another.
  • represents a given simple problem situation using diagrams, models, and symbolic expressions.
  • uses physical models and graphs to solve real-world problems involving equations and inequalities.

In Data Analysis and Probability, your student:
  • solves problems by generating, collecting, organizing, displaying, and analyzing data, using histograms, bar graphs, line graphs, circle graphs, pictographs, spreadsheets, and charts.
  • determines range, mean, median, and mode from sets of given data.
  • analyzes real-world data to recognize patterns, and trends.
  • devises and conducts experiments to determine the probability of events.
  • uses statistical data about life situations to make predictions and justify reasoning.

5th Grade

In Number Sense, Concepts, and Operations, your student:
  • names whole numbers through millions, and associates oral names, written and standard numerals with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and percents.
  • demonstrates an understanding of the relative size of whole numbers and commonly used fractions, decimals, and percents.
  • recognizes equivalent fractions, mixed numbers, and decimal whole numbers.
  • relates whole number percents, less than 100 percent, to common fractions and decimals.
  • demonstrates and uses place value concepts within the decimal number system.
  • adds, subtracts, multiplies, and divides whole numbers, decimals, and fractions using appropriate methods of computing (e.g., mental mathematics, paper and pencil, calculator, and technology).
  • predicts results and determines if an answer is reasonable by using estimation strategies (e.g., rounding).
  • demonstrates an understanding of primes, composites, factors, and multiples.

In Measurement, your student:
  • demonstrates and uses concrete and graphic models to develop procedures for solving real-world problems related to measurement.
  • solves real-world problems involving length, weight, perimeter, area, capacity, volume, time, temperature, and angles, and determines which units of measurement to use with answers.
  • selects and uses appropriate standard and nonstandard units of measurement.
  • solves real-world problems involving estimates of measurements.
  • selects and uses appropriate instruments and technology to measure in real-world situations.

In Geometry and Spatial Sense, your student:
  • draws and/or models two- and three-dimensional shapes and uses appropriate geometric vocabulary to write a description of a figure or a picture-composed of geometric figures.
  • demonstrates and uses the concepts of spatial relationships, symmetry, reflections, congruency, and similarity.
  • predicts, illustrates, and verifies which figures could result from a flip, slide, or turn of a given figure.
  • shows and applies a variety of strategies and geometric properties for two- and three-dimensional shapes to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
  • identifies and plots ordered pairs of numbers on a graph.

In Algabraic Thinking, your student:
  • recognizes and describes a wide variety of patterns and relationships through models.
  • generalizes a pattern, relation, or function to explain how a change in one quantity results in a change in another.
  • shows what can be done to both sides of an equation while maintaining equality.
  • represents a given simple problem situation using diagrams, models, and symbolic expressions.
  • translates problem-solving situations into expressions and equations that use a variable.

In Data Analysis and Probability, your student:
  • solves problems by generating, collecting, organizing, displaying, and analyzing data, using histograms, bar graphs, line graphs, circle graphs, pictographs, spreadsheets, and charts.
  • determines range, mean, median, and mode from sets of given data.
  • analyzes and graphs real-world data to recognize patterns, and trends.
  • predicts the likelihood of simple events.
  • uses statistical data about life situations to make predictions and justify reasoning.

Hints to Use At Home
  • Use household objects to form patterns.
  • Let your student help you sort the laundry into piles or sort coins to be counted.
  • Create a list of telephone numbers and display them by the phone.
  • Practice dialing on a pretend phone.
  • Use magnetic numerals on the refrigerator.
  • Provide opportunities to measure (e.g., cooking, measuring cups in the bathtub).
  • Use blocks to build.

Last Updated: 12/19/2007
 

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